BEARING AND TYPES
Types of bearings
A special type of spindle, shaft, pully, gear and cam of any type of machine to support or rotate these parts or to keep these parts in perfect position. The part of is used, which is called bearing.
Features of bearing: -
1. Friction with bearings and parts should be minimal.
2. Must be able to guide the bearing parts in the correct position.
3. Bearings should be able to provide a stable base without vibration.
4. Must be able to withstand the load read by the bearing machine.
5. Bearing should be selected according to the parts fitted in the machine and the speed of the machine.
6. The parts of the bearing machine should be rotating at high speed and smoothly.
7. Bearings should be able to withstand shocks and vibrations and use less power.
Many types of bearings are used in the machines as per the need. There are two main types of bearings
Types of Bearings
1 * Friction Bearing
2 * Anti Friction Bearing
Friction Bearing
Friction Bearing This type of bearing is made of Cast Iron, Brass, Gunmetal, Bronze etc. The bearings and shafts are in direct contact. Due to which they have friction. Lubricate is used for this. It is used for low speed and low running machines.
Types of Friction Bearing Bearings: -
Solid Bearing.
This is a solid special shaped molded bearing. These bearings are mostly made of Cast Iron, Gunmetal and Bronze. They are used in machines running at low speeds. Oil holes are made above them for lubrication. When used for a short time, the diameter of the shaft is reduced by friction and the hole of the bearing becomes larger. So it is very difficult to repair it. That is why it is rarely used.
Bush Bearing.
The body of a bush bearing is similar to that of a solid bearing. In solid bearings, the softness of the bearing increases its wear and tear. After some time all the bearings have to be replaced. To avoid this, a bore of solid bearing is made of large diameter and a bush of gunmetal is fitted in it. It can be conveniently replaced when worn. This type of bearing is called bush bearing.
Plummer Block / Pedestal Bearing.
It uses a bush divided into two parts. The upper part (Cap) is tightened by two bolts to keep the two parts in the right direction. There is a lubricate hole in the middle of the cap. This is known as pedestal bearing.
Foot Step Bearing.
Foot step bearings are used when a soft one needs to be supported in a standing position. It is fitted with a gun metal collar bush in a vertical cast iron body. At the same time, a gunmetal tree is planted in the bottom floor, which bears the weight of the shaft. This type of bearing is called foot step bearing.
Shell Bearing.
Shell bearings are made in two parts. The outer body is made of gunmetal cast iron, and the inside is lined with White Metal or Bewit Metal. . It is used in heavy works. The collar is also made on the outer surface of these bearings, they have holes for lubricate.
Split Bearing.
This bearing is made in two parts. And the collar is made on its outer surface. It is fitted in a plumber block of cast iron. It looks similar to pedestal bearings.
Collet Bearing.
Using this bearing, the pressure on the shaft is parallel to its axis. Thrust or collar is made to stop the shaft. The collar is made according to the pressure. Can also be made in both collar shaft and bearings.
Guide Bearing.
This type of bearing is used for longitudinal parts. Who also act as guides. These bearings are made of cast iron. These bearings are used in very slow speed machines.
Hydraulic Beating.
Hydrostatic bearings are used in very accurate working machines. It has some pads attached to the shoe housing on the perimeter around the soft. The shaft rotates between them. In hydrostatic bearings the lubricating oil is released under pressure. So that the soft starts moving in the center in a short time. In this state the work is done on the machine.
Anti Friction Bearing.
Soft and bearings do not come into direct contact in this type of bearing. Rollers or balls fit between the shafts and bearings. So that they move easily over the shaft. In which friction is very low. These are used at high or low loads at high or low speeds. These are usually used to gain more speed in the machine. Alloy Steel, Chromium Steel are used in making bearings.
Outer Ring
The outer ring of the bearing
Inner ring The inner ring of a bearing
Rolling Element A ball, roller or needle are fitted between the two rings to run the bearing smoothly.
The cage is a lattice between the two rings holding the Boll, Niddle and Roller.
Ball Bearing.
This type of bearing has grooves in full circle above the inner ring and inside the outer ring and with the help of some ball cage in between these grooves it fits in the whole circle so that both the rings The ball has a point contact with both the rings so that it can move well relative to each other. It uses grease and oil in bearings to reduce the noise of friction. Single rods for low loads and double rods for high loads are used.
Roller Bearing.
These bearings are similar in appearance to ball bearings. The difference is that a roller is used instead of a rolling element ball. Which is used for heavy tasks.
Types of bearings according to the shape of the roller: -
(A) Cylindrical Roller Bearing
The roller planes of this type of bearing are cylindrical. They have higher carrying capacity.
(B) Rarrel Roller Bearing
The rollers of this bearing are in the shape of a drum. Their diameter is more in the middle and less than the edges. The use of this type of bearing does not cause any difficulty in keeping the shaft straight. It is also called self alignment roller bearings.
(C) Needle Roller Bearing
The rollers of this bearing are very similar in diameter to the needle. The needle size of this bearing is 2 to 10 millimeters. Cylindrical roller bearings are similar in appearance. Such bearings do not play, so they are used in soft running with more accuracy.
(D) Raper Roller Bearing
Taper rollers are fitted in this type of bearing. It is also called And Thrust Bearing. They also bear parallel pressures with the overall pressure of the shaft so where are they used where there is this type of pressure on the shaft.
Thrust Bearing.
Where the load on the shaft falls parallel to the center. Thrust bearings are used there. It uses washers and housing washers on shafts instead of inner rings and outer rings. Grooves or raceways are made on the faces of these two washers. The ball between the washers resides inside a gunmetal case. There are two types: -
(A) Single Direction Thrust Bearing
Where the shaft is loaded from one side, single direction thrust bearings are used. It is a few microns less than the diameter of the shaft washer on one side and the housing washer on the other. For this reason it rotates freely from the housing washer. Housing The washer stays tight fitted in the housing. And it does not rotate with the shaft. This is taken care of while fitting this bearing.
(B) Double Direction Thrust Bearing.
It bears both the falling part on the bearing shaft. It has washers in the middle and both of them and housing washers. There are rows of hairs above and below the shaft water. Which bears the load falling from both sides.
Spherical Bearing
Spherical bearings are used in such places. Where there is a possibility of angular direction in the shaft.
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